Borobudur was built approximately in the IX century.
Borobudur was built by the adherents of Mahayana Buddhism during the reign of
Dynasty Syailendra. This temple was built at the height of the dynasty
Syailendra. Samaratungga King is the founder of the Borobudur temple coming
from dynasty Syailendra. The possibility of this temple was built around 824 AD
and was completed around the year 900 AD during the reign of Queen
Pramudawardhani who is the daughter of Samaratungga. According to the story
down through the generations, the architect who contributed to build this
temple is Gunadharma.
Based on the first written evidence which was written by Sir
Thomas Stamford Raffles, who named this temple as the Borobudur is the
Governor-General of the United Kingdom in Java. Before that, there is no
written evidence that gives a name to this temple of Borobudur. Only one of the
oldest document that shows the existence of this temple is Nagarakretagama
book, written by Mpu Prapanca in 1365. In the book is written that this temple
was used as a place of Buddhist meditation.
Meaning of the name Borobudur is "monastery in the
hills", which comes from the word "coal" (temple or monastery)
and "beduhur" (hills or high places) in Sanskrit. According with the
meaning of the name Borobudur, so this place long ago used as a place of
Buddhist worship.
the temple
Borobudur temple is located in Magelang, Central Java, about
40 km from Yogyakarta. Borobudur has 10 levels consisting of 6 levels of a
square, 3 levels of circular and a main stupa as a peak. At every level there
are several stupas. In total there are 72 stupas besides the main stupa. In
each stupa there is a statue of Buddha. Ten levels that illustrates ten levels
of Bodhisattva which must be passed the buddha's people to achieve the
perfection of the Buddha in nirvana. The perfection is symbolized by the main
stupa at the top level. Borobudur structure forming a mandala structure that
describes the Buddhist cosmology and the human way of thinking when viewed from
above.
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